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• Lyme’s Disease
  Lyme disease is an infection caused by a kind of bacteria called a spirochete. The disease is carried by deer ticks and western black-legged ticks. These ticks can spread the disease to animals and humans through tick bites. These ticks are about the size of a sesame seed.
  
  Lyme disease is most common in the northeastern and Midwestern states. Lyme disease is also found in other parts of the United States, as well as in several other countries. Twenty to forty percent of deer ticks in NJ are infected with Lyme’s Disease. The white footed mouse is the primary host of the Lyme bacteria.
  
  One sign of Lyme disease is a rash, which may appear 3 to 30 days after a tick bite. This rash usually starts at the site of the tick bite. It may begin as a small red spot and grow larger creating a “bull’s eye” or ring appearance, but this is not always the case. Some people with Lyme disease have many red spots. The rash may burn, hurt or itch, or you may not feel it.
  
  Other symptoms of Lyme disease include fever, chills, headaches, stiff neck, fatigue, muscle aches and joint pain, irregular or slow heartbeat, or Bell’s palsy. If Lyme disease isn’t treated, it can spread to other parts of the body. The symptoms of late Lyme disease include arthritis (painful, swollen joints) and nervous system problems. The symptoms of the nervous system disorder caused by late Lyme disease may include trouble concentrating, loss of memory, muscle weakness, and tingling and numbness in the arms and legs.
  
  
• Babesiosis
  Infection of the red blood cells. High fever and fatigue. More sever in people with their spleen removed. Babesiosis is typically spread by the bite of the “Black-Legged” (Deer) tick & the Western Black Legged tick.
  
  
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
  A reddish-to-black rash resembling measles. Diagnosis and treatment must be made immediately or death can occur. This disease is typically spread by the bite of the American Dog tick, the Rocky Mountain Wood tick, and the Pacific Coast tick.
  
  
• Ehrlichiosis
  HME/HGE- infection of white blood cells. A rash may occur. Neurologic complications can occur with more severe disease. Delayed treatment can be deadly. Erlichiosis is generally contracted by the Lone Star Tick.
  
  

• GRASP tick as close to skin as possible, using tweezers.
• PULL gently with a steady, backward pressure-be patient!
• WASH area with soap, water, and topical antiseptic.
• REMEMBER that incorrect removal of an attached tick can increase your risk for Lyme Disease. Never burn, smother or crush an attached tick!

• Disease free deer tick EGGS hatch into LARVAE. (Spring)
  
  
• Deer tick LARVAE feed on rodents (mainly the white footed mouse and chipmunk), other small mammals and birds. (July – August)
  
  
• Infected rodents pass the Lyme Disease bacteria to the deer tick LARVAE. Generally, 25% of ticks become infected from the white footed mouse or chipmunk. (July – August)
  
  
• Lyme Disease-infected deer tick NYMPHS feed on humans and pets, as well as rodents and deer. Because of their coloring and small size, nymphs easily escape detection. This is when humans are most likely to become infected with Lyme Disease. (Late May – July)
  
  
• Deer tick ADULTS mainly feed on deer and other large mammals. Because the adult ticks are more easily seen, and since it takes 36 hours before the disease can be transmitted, these ticks are usually detected before they can spread the disease.
  
  Therefore, they do not pose as big a threat in transmitting Lyme Disease as the nymphs do. After feeding, they drop for the deer to lay their eggs. (Fall – Spring)
  
  

1. Hard ticks have a hard dorsal plate on their backs.
2. Soft ticks have no dorsal plate on their backs.
   
   

	Hard Ticks: Hard ticks have a dorsal plate. Males and females look different in appearance. Blood fed females get enormous-the size of a grape. Females lay 2,000 to 18,000 eggs, the eggs hatch in 30 days and the female dies. Some remain on the animal after feeding, they reattach and feed again. Adults mate on the animal and engorged females drop off and lay their eggs on the ground. Hard ticks go through a larval stage (seed tick), they then fall to the ground and turn into 8 legged nymphs. The nymphs seek a host, drop to the ground and molt into adult ticks. the life cycle is then complete. The mouth parts are toward the front of the tick and are visible from the back. Hard ticks’ eyes are on the backsides of the bodies. Hard tick habitats include brush, woods, or weed areas where deer, cattle, dogs and small mammals are present. They prefer high humid conditions and breezy areas. Their skin contains a waxy layer that prevents water absorption. Hard ticks attach to host by forming a cement cone around the mouth parts and the skin of the host.
	Soft Ticks: Leathery texture and have no dorsal plate. Males and females do not look different. Soft tick mouth parts are not out in front and cannot be seen from the back. Eyes, if present are located in the folds of the tick above the legs. Adult females feed and lay eggs several times during their life time. Soft ticks undergo more than one nymphal stage before adulthood. Soft ticks don’t firmly attach to their host for long periods of time, because they adapt to feeding rapidly and leaving the host. Soft ticks are found in burrows, dens, bat caves, and poor quality human dwellings. Soft ticks thrive in hot, dry conditions.
	Deer Ticks: Also known as the Black Legged tick and the Western Black Legged tick. These ticks are capable of spreading diseases such as Babesiosis, Erlichiosis, and Lyme Disease.
	American Dog Ticks: Typical of the Rocky Mountain Wood tick and the Pacific Coast ticks. These ticks are capable of spreading Colorado Tick Fever, erlichiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia, and tick paralysis.
	Lone Star Ticks: The Lone Star tick is capable of transmitting erlichiosis, Lyme, tularemia, tick paralysis, and spotted fever Rickettsia bacteria.

• Liability
• Parent Concern
• Notification Laws
• More Effective Pest Management

• Rodents
• Cockroaches
• Ants
• Wasps
• Bedbugs
• Spiders
• Pantry Pests
• Fleas
• Snakes
• Termites
• Carpet Beetles
• Silverfish
• Paper Mites

• Indoors
  • Classroom & Offices — provide the perfect atmosphere for silverfish, paper mites, and spiders.
  • Kitchen & Food Preparation Areas — the cafeteria area can be a harborage & feeding area for roaches.
  • Maintenance Areas
  • Rest Rooms
  • Entrances
• Outdoors
  • Playgrounds — Wasps, spiders, and other stinging or biting insects nest in playground equipment. One in 10 children is allergic to stings from bees or wasps.
  • Dumpsters — dumpster areas are a prime habitat for rats or other rodents, as well as roaches.
  • Grassy Areas — gardens & outdoor landscaping can provide plenty of areas for possible pest infestations.
  • Ornamentals
  • Wooded Property & Perimeters

• Key Requirements
  • Requires the superintendent, principal, or chief administrator of each school district to adopt and implement a school IPM policy consistent with the model policy developed by the NJDEP.
  • Requires the appointment of a school IPM coordinator
  • Requires keeping records of pesticide applications used on school property for 3 years for general pest control, and 5 years for termite treatments.
  • Requires annual notification of the school’s IPM policy to all staff and parents or guardians of each student.
  • Requires 72 hours prior notification of all non-low impact pesticide use on the school property to all staff, parents, or guardians.
  • Requires posting of specific information pertaining to the planned pesticide treatment to be posted at least 72 hours prior in a centralized school location.
• Notification Should Include
  • The policy
  • A list of pesticides
  • Information on school IPM policy meetings
  • Contact for the IPM coordinator
• Central Posting Should Include
  • Common pesticide name
  • EPA registration number
  • Treatment location information
  • Pesticide label precautions
  • Contact information for the school IPM coordinator
  • Reasons for the pesticide application.
  • School IPM Act
• Sign Posting Location
  • Place where students, staff, and parents can see sign when entering or exiting school.
  • Post notification 72 hours prior and after treatment.
  • Size of posting to be no less that 8.5″ by 11″.
• Timing of Pesticide Treatment
  • No treatments of non-low impact pesticides shall be made without proper notification unless deemed an emergency without proper notification, or while students are on the property.
  • There is a minimum 7 hour student re-entry time for all non-low impact pesticide treatments.
• Emergency Applications
  • May be made only when the health or safety of a student or staff member is in danger.
  • These applications should be made allowing time for drying or settling before students return to school.

• Gel baits
• Paste
• Rodent bait
• Antimicrobial
• Boric Acid
• Botanical Insecticide
• Silica Gels
• Microbe-based Insecticides

• Be sure that all food spills are cleaned up immediately.
• Empty trash frequently and replace plastic liner when food residue is evident.
• Do not store empty soda cans in your area. The sugar residue will attract insects.
• Keep microwave and toaster ovens clean.
• Keep all food in tightly sealed containers.
• Dispose of cardboard containers that may provide living spaces for rodents, and can be a food source for insects.
• Report all water leaks or condensation on pipes.
• Seal cracks and openings around wiring and keep screens closed.
• Leave work areas and desks clean from debris and left over food that pests may feed off of.
• Clean garbage cans daily with hot soapy water. Garbage and trash are breeding places for germs and diseases and can attract rodents and other vermin.

• Be sure that all food spills are cleaned up immediately.
• Empty trash frequently and replace plastic liner when food residue is evident.
• Do not store empty soda cans in your area. The sugar residue will attract insects.
• Keep microwave and toaster ovens clean.
• Keep all food in tightly sealed containers.
• Dispose of cardboard containers that may provide living spaces for rodents, and can be a food source for insects.
• Report all water leaks or condensation on pipes.
• Seal cracks and openings around wiring and keep screens closed.
• Routinely inspect incoming shipments of food for bugs.
• Clean garbage cans daily with hot soapy water. Garbage and trash are breeding places for germs and diseases and can attract rodents and other vermin.
• Leave work areas clean from debris and left over food that pests may feed off of.

1. In North America, bats are the most endangered land mammal.
2. Bats are considered nature’s best bug control.
3. Trees in Africa and South America depend on bats to spread their seeds.
4. Night blooming flowers depend on bats for pollination.
5. The scientific name for bats is Chiroptera meaning “hand-wing.”
6. Bats are the only mammal that can fly.
7. The largest bat has almost a 6 foot wing span.
8. The smallest bat weighs less than a penny.
9. Besides night insects, bats eat fish, frogs, fruit, nectar, and blood from other mammals.
10. There are almost 1000 species of bats and three are considered vampires.
11. Bats have only one baby a year.
12. Insect-eating bats use echolocation to find and catch food.
13. Bats in cooler climates hibernate or migrate during the winter.